Challenge for Whom? Encouraging Ongoing Dialogue on Appropriate Challenge in Outdoor Adventure Education

Authors

  • Sarah Farrar Western Carolina University
  • Andrew J. Bobilya Western Carolina University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2025-12636

Keywords:

challenge, risk, comfort zone model, challenge by choice, outdoor adventure education

Abstract

This “practices” paper explores the complexity of appropriate challenge within Outdoor Adventure Education (OAE). Drawing from personal experience and recent scholarly discourse, the authors join an ongoing conversation that questions the assumption that certain challenges presented in OAE activities are universally beneficial and appropriate for all participants. Through an exploration of the comfort zone model and challenge by choice, the authors encourage ongoing personal and organizational review of their application in OAE and highlight the need for reflection and conversation regarding a more nuanced understanding of participant needs and experiences. Ultimately, the paper advocates for continued thoughtful and intentional approaches to designing OAE programs, recognizing the diverse backgrounds and challenges participants bring with them. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of considering individual preferences, abilities, and lived experiences when designing outdoor programs and suggest that rigid adherence to these models may inadvertently limit the effectiveness and inclusivity of OAE initiatives. The reader is left with a list of questions and considerations, inviting them to reflect upon the use of challenge in their own work and the training of newer OAE facilitators. 

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Published

2025-10-16

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 4 (2025)

Section

Essays, Practices and Commentaries

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