Outward Bound and Civic-Minded: The Impact of an Outward Bound Course on Students’ Understanding of and Experiences With Public Service
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2019-V11-I2-9264Keywords:
outdoor education, civic learning, Civic-Minded Graduate, higher education, public serviceAbstract
Research on individuals’ experiences engaging in outdoor education programs suggests participants are impacted in a number of ways. This study investigated the impact of participation in a wilderness education course on undergraduates’ experiences with public service. This study asked the research question, what is the impact of an Outward Bound course on students’ understanding of and experiences with public service? Participants (n = 109) were undergraduate students who completed a 28-day Outward Bound course between 2002 and 2017. Qualitative data that informed the study included interviews, impact statements, and survey responses. The findings demonstrate a relationship between an outdoor education experience and public service, which can be understood most clearly through considering the development of knowledge, skills, dispositions, and behavioral intention associated with the Civic-Minded Graduate.
References
Association of American Colleges & Universities. (2009). Civic Engagement VALUE Rubric. Retrieved from https://www.aacu.org/civic-engagement-value-rubric
Association for Experiential Education. (n.d.). What is experiential education? Retrieved from http://www.aee.org/about/whatIsEE
Association of Public & Land-Grant Universities (2012). The Land-Grant Tradition. Washington, DC: Association of Public & Land-Grant Universities.
Asfeldt, M., Purc-Stephenson, R., & Hvenegaard, G. (2017). Students' perceptions of group journal writing as a tool for enhancing sense of community on wilderness educational expeditions. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education & Leadership, 9(3), 325-341.
Bobilya, A.J., Kalisch, K., Daniel, B., & Coulson, E.R. (2015). An investigation of participants’ intended and actual transfer of learning following an Outward Bound wilderness experience. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 7(2), 93-111.
Boyer, E. L. (1994). Creating the new American college. Chronicle of Higher Education,
(9).
Breunig, M., O’Connell, T., Todd, S., Young, A., Anderson, L., & Anderson, D. (2008). Psychological sense of community and group cohesion on wilderness trips. Journal of Experiential Education, 30(3). 258-261.
Bringle, R. G., & Steinberg, K. S. (2010). Educating for informed community involvement. American Journal of Community Psychology, 46, 428-441.
Campus Compact. (n.d.). Who we are. Retrieved from https://compact.org/who-we-are/
Carolina Center for Public Service (n.d.). About CCPS. Retrieved from https://ccps.unc.edu/about/
Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
Fenzel, M. & Peyrot, M. (2005). Comparing college community participation and future service behaviors and attitudes. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 12(1), 23-31.
Fouhey, H. & Saltmarsh, J. (1996). Outward Bound and community service learning: An experiment in connected knowing. Journal of Experiential Education, 19 (2), 82-89.
Freeman, M. (2011). From ‘character-training’ to ‘personal growth’: the early history of Outward Bound 1941-1965. History of Education, 40(1), p.21-43.
Gass, M. A., Garvey, D. E., & Sugerman, D. A. (2003). The long-term effects of a first year student wilderness orientation program. Journal of Experiential Education, 26(1), 34-40.
Glaser, B. and Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London.
Glazier, J. & Bean, A. (2018) The promise of experiential education in teacher education: Transforming teacher beliefs and practices, Teaching Education, doi:10.1080/10476210.2018.1462312
Hatcher, J.A. (2008). The public role of professionals: Developing and evaluating the Civic-Minded Professional scale. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved Pro Quest Dissertation and Theses, AAT 3331248.
Harkavy, I. & Hartley, M. (2008). Pursuing Franklin’s Democratic vision for higher education. Peer Review, 10(2/3).
Itin, Christian M. (1999). Reasserting the philosophy of experiential education as a vehicle for change in the 21st century. The Journal of Experiential Education, 22(2), 91-98.
Jacoby, B., & Associates (Eds.). (1996). Service-learning in higher education: Concepts and practices. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
James, T. (1980). Sketch of a moving spirit: Kurt Hahn. Journal of Experiential Education, 3I (1), 17-22.
Keen, C. & Hall, K. (2008). Post-Graduation service and civic outcomes for high financial need students of a multi-campus, co-curricular service-learning college program. Journal of College and Character, 10 (2).
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Kuh, G. (2008). High-Impact Educational Practices: What They Are, Who Has Access to Them, and Why They Matter. Washington, DC: Association of American Colleges & Universities.
MacArthur, R. S. (1982). Three examples of service learning: The changing role of service in Outward Bound. Journal of Experiential Education, 5(2), 34-39.
Medrick, F. W. (n.d.). Outward Bound and higher education: A rationale and outline for college development. Denver: Colorado Outward Bound School.
Michael, J. M., Morris-Duerr, V., & Reichert, M.S. (2017). Differential effects of participation in an outdoor orientation program for incoming students. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 9, 42-55.
Mitchell, T. D., Battistoni, R. M., Keene, A. S. & Reiff, J. (2013). Programs that build civic identity: A study of alumni. Diversity and Democracy, Summer, 16(3), 22–23.
Mitchell, T. D., Richard, F. D., Battistoni, R. M., Rost-Banik, C., Netz, R., & Zakoske, C. (2015). Reflective practice that persists: Connections between reflection in service-learning and reflection in current life. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 21(2), 49-63.
Musil, C. M. (2009). Educating students for personal and social responsibility. In Jacoby, B. (Ed.) Civic Engagement in Higher Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Newman, F. (1985). Higher education and the American resurgence. Princeton, NJ: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
North Carolina Outward Bound School (n.d.). Book of Readings. (n.p.): Author.
Putnam, R. D. (1995). Bowling alone. Journal of Democracy, 6(1), 65–78.
Richard, D., Keen, C., Hatcher, J. & Pease, H. (2016) Pathways to adult civic engagement: Benefits of reflection and dialogue across difference in higher education service-learning programs. Michigan Journal of Community Service-Learning, 23(1).
Roberts, J.W. (2005). Disney, Dewey, and the death of experience in education. Education and Culture 21 (2), 12-30.
Sandberg, D, Martin, B., Szolosi, A, Early, S., & Casapulla, S. (2017). Developing student leaders in campus outdoor recreation programs: An appreciative inquiry. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 9(3), 113-127.
Starbuck, J.D. & Bell, B. J. (2017). Outdoor orientation leaders: The effects of peer leadership. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 9(3), 280-297.
Steinberg, K.S., Hatcher, J.A., & Bringle, R.G. (2011). Civic-minded graduate: A North Star. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 18(1), 19-33.
Usher, A. (2011). Public Schools and the Original Federal Land Grant Program. A Background Paper from the Center on Education Policy. Washington, DC: Center on Education Policy.
Wang, Yumen. (2017) Analysis of public service effect on participators self-efficacy. Unpublished Master’s Paper Submitted the the Department of Statistics and Operation Research at UNC-CH.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Sagamore Publishing LLC (hereinafter the “Copyright Owner”)
Journal Publishing Copyright Agreement for Authors
PLEASE REVIEW OUR POLICIES AND THE PUBLISHING AGREEMENT, AND INDICATE YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THE TERMS BY CHECKING THE ‘AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE’ CHECKBOX BELOW.
I understand that by submitting an article to Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, I am granting the copyright to the article submitted for consideration for publication in Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership to the Copyright Owner. If after consideration of the Editor of the Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, the article is not accepted for publication, all copyright covered under this agreement will be automatically returned to the Author(s).
THE PUBLISHING AGREEMENT
Assignment of Copyright
I hereby assign to the Copyright Owner the copyright in the manuscript I am submitting in this online procedure and any tables, illustrations or other material submitted for publication as part of the manuscript in all forms and media (whether now known or later developed), throughout the world, in all languages, for the full term of copyright, effective when the article is accepted for publication.
Reversion of Rights
Articles may sometimes be accepted for publication but later be rejected in the publication process, even in some cases after public posting in “Articles in Press” form, in which case all rights will revert to the Author.
Retention of Rights for Scholarly Purposes
I understand that I retain or am hereby granted the Retained Rights. The Retained Rights include the right to use the Preprint, Accepted Manuscript, and the Published Journal Article for Personal Use and Internal Institutional Use.
All journal material is under a 12 month embargo. Authors who would like to have their articles available as open access should contact Sagamore-Venture for further information.
In the case of the Accepted Manuscript and the Published Journal Article, the Retained Rights exclude Commercial Use, other than use by the author in a subsequent compilation of the author’s works or to extend the Article to book length form or re-use by the author of portions or excerpts in other works.
Published Journal Article: the author may share a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI.
Author Representations
- The Article I have submitted to the journal for review is original, has been written by the stated author(s) and has not been published elsewhere.
- The Article was not submitted for review to another journal while under review by this journal and will not be submitted to any other journal.
- The Article contains no libelous or other unlawful statements and does not contain any materials that violate any personal or proprietary rights of any other person or entity.
- I have obtained written permission from copyright owners for any excerpts from copyrighted works that are included and have credited the sources in the Article.
- If the Article was prepared jointly with other authors, I have informed the co-author(s) of the terms of this Journal Publishing Agreement and that I am signing on their behalf as their agent, and I am authorized to do so.